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Many vegans were found to have deficiencies in protein sources, according to researchers of the University of East Finland.

The researchers found that in vegans, dietary intake of vitamins B12 and D were lower than in non-vegetarians. Among vegans, 91 percent took B12 supplements, 77 percent used vitamin D supplements and most also consumed calcium fortified beverages.

Vegans were found to have low intake of berries, fruits and nuts, and higher use of fortified foods or supplements.

The study shows that vegans should be aware of potential gaps in their diets, and be more aware of foods, or additional supplements, that can address shortcomings.

"Long-term consumption of a vegan diet was associated with some favorable laboratory measures but also with lowered concentrations of key nutrients compared to reference values," researchers write in the study that was disseminated through a press release. "This study highlights the need for nutritional guidance to vegans."

Researchers said that to ensure the intake of all the necessary nutrients, vegetarian and vegan diets need to be composed in a well-rounded manner. Research into the nutritional status of vegans nevertheless remains scarce."

According to a report published by UPI, the study was based on findings on 22 vegans who maintained their diet for at least eight years and 19 age-matched non-vegetarians. Researchers compared  three days of dietary records, as well as measurements of biomarkers found in blood, plasma and urine.

Among participants, 24 percent of vegans and 6 percent of non-vegetarians had low vitamin D levels. Vegans also had lower levels of beta-carotene, selenium, iodine and fatty acids.

Researchers pointed out that consistency in diet suggestions could make it easier to maintain health.

It is noteworthy that  a study by the Oxford Martin Program on the Future of Food that was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and reported by NBC News, revealed that vegan diet  could prevent several million deaths in the world per year by 2050.