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Contrary to the commonly held view of gossip as malicious rumors, put-downs, or sensational tabloid headlines, researchers offer a broader definition. 

Gossip serves as a natural component of conversation, information sharing and community building. A 2019 meta-analysis revealed that the majority of gossip -- about three-quarters of the 52 daily minutes spent on average -- was actually neutral, with only a small portion deemed negative.

Its evolutionary roots

Some scholars argue that gossip played a crucial role in the survival of our ancestors. Evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar likened gossip to the grooming behaviors observed in primates, emphasizing its role in bonding and conveying social information. 

Gossip, in this view, enables the dissemination of valuable information within large social networks, essential for sustaining functional societies over time.

Physiological responses

A 2015 study explored the brain's response to positive and negative gossip. Subjects exhibited increased activity in the prefrontal cortex when exposed to gossip, indicating a heightened sensitivity to social cues. The study also found that the caudate nucleus, a reward center, was activated, particularly in response to negative celebrity gossip, suggesting an entertaining or amusing reaction.

Contrary to the common perception of gossip as inherently negative, some argue for its potential benefits. organizational behavior associate professor Matthew Feinberg emphasized the distinction between active and passive participation in gossip. Active gossiping, according to his research, could calm the body and promote cooperation by spreading important information. Gossip, when used as a tool to correct antisocial behavior, could contribute to a more cooperative and harmonious social environment.

Gossip as a form of social bonding

The act of gossiping also sheds light on the dynamics of human relationships. Social behavioral sciences assistant professor Stacy Torres pointed out that gossip requires a sense of closeness among individuals. Therefore, gossip serves as a mechanism for sharing experiences, fostering intimacy, staving off loneliness and facilitating bonding.