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With symptoms including persistent sadness, fatigue, changes in sleep and appetite, feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, withdrawal, anxiety and thoughts of self-harm, women with perinatal depression are greatly affected, posing risks toward themselves and their babies.

This risk is emphasized by a recent study conducted by the Karolinska Institute, revealing insights about the enduring mortality risks associated with perinatal depression. Analyzing data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, researchers discovered that women experiencing depression during or after pregnancy face a doubled risk of mortality, persisting for up to 18 years post-diagnosis. 

Elevated risk and duration

Women with perinatal depression exhibit a doubled risk of mortality compared to those without, with the risk peaking in the first month following diagnosis and lasting up to 18 years. The study, encompassing over 86,500 women, establishes a robust connection between perinatal depression and long-term mortality risks.

The study, utilizing data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, compared 86,500 affected women with 865,500 controls. This comprehensive dataset enabled researchers to draw meaningful conclusions, highlighting the significance of the study in understanding the risks associated with perinatal depression.

Implications and recommendations

Researchers emphasize the critical need for continuous, effective psychiatric care during and after pregnancy. The heightened mortality risks, especially in the first-month post-diagnosis, necessitate immediate attention and intervention. 

The recommendation is not to discontinue effective psychiatric treatment during pregnancy. Instead, there is a call for better utilization of existing tools, such as postpartum questionnaires, to ensure early detection and evidence-based care.

The link between perinatal depression and increased mortality risks emphasizes the urgency of addressing mental health during and after pregnancy. The recent findings provide a basis for future interventions and underscore the importance of prioritizing the mental well-being of pregnant women, ensuring they receive timely and appropriate care and support.