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Numerous studies have highlighted the positive impact of physical activity on mental health, showing a significant reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms. 

In a recent study, researchers explored the potential benefits of cycle commuting on mental health. Utilizing an instrumental variable approach, researchers studied the relationship between cycle commuting and the risk of mental ill-health, revealing the positive impact of this eco-friendly mode of transportation.

Active commuting, mental health, and economic impact

Active commuting, such as cycling, is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events, cancer-related mortality, and overall mortality. Despite previous findings suggesting that long-distance cycling may have mental relaxation benefits, a systematic review uncovered an inconsistent relationship between active commuting and depression. The economic impact of poor mental health is substantial, with one study estimating an annual loss of £8.8 billion in productivity due to mental health issues.

The study employed a pseudo-experimental approach, using data from the 2011 Scottish Census linked with the Scottish National Prescription Information System. The cohort included individuals aged 16 to 74, excluding those with a prescription for mental illnesses in the month of the census to focus on the occurrence rather than recurrence of anxiety or depression. The study cohort comprised 378,253 individuals.

The main mode of travel from the place of work or study was recorded in the census, distinguishing between cycling and all other modes of commute. Outcome measures were prescriptions for antidepressants and anxiolytics, with the distance to a cycle path serving as the instrumental variable.

More cycling resulted in fewer prescriptions

Results from the study indicated that cycling to work was associated with lower rates of prescriptions for anxiolytics and antidepressants. The probit model showed a lower percentage of individuals with prescriptions among cyclists compared to non-cyclists. Sensitivity analyses further supported the observed relationship between cycle commuting and mental health.

While the study demonstrated positive outcomes, it had limitations, such as incomplete data in the prescription database and assumptions about the usual mode of commuting for participants. Despite these limitations, the research suggests that cycling to work could be a beneficial strategy not only for mental health improvement but also for reducing carbon emissions.