Search Here

With Valentine's Day right around the corner, love is in the air, but many still wonder about what love exactly does to the brain. 

According to science, love is not just a feeling -- it is a complex process involving hormones and neurotransmitters that can be broken down into three distinct stages: lust, attraction and attachment.

When people fall in love, their brains undergo significant changes driven by a variety of hormones and neurotransmitters. Understanding these changes can offer relevant insights into the nature of romantic relationships.

Lust

The first stage of love is lust, driven primarily by the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is responsible for the initial physical attraction between individuals. Estrogen, alongside testosterone, plays a role in driving sexual desire in the initial stage of love. Both hormones ignite the desire for sexual intimacy and serve as the initial spark that draws people together.

Attraction

The second stage, attraction, is characterized by a flurry of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Dopamine, often referred to as the "feel-good" neurotransmitter, is associated with pleasure and reward. Norepinephrine creates feelings of excitement and adrenaline, leading to increased heart rate and sweaty palms. Serotonin, on the other hand, helps regulate mood and plays a role in obsessive thinking, making the object of one's affection constantly on their mind.

Attachment

Finally, attachment, the third stage of love, is promoted by the hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin. Oxytocin, often dubbed the "love hormone" or "bonding hormone," is released during intimate moments such as cuddling, kissing, and sex. It promotes feelings of trust, empathy, and connection. Similarly, vasopressin is involved in bonding and social behaviors, as it strengthens the emotional connection between partners.