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Elon Musk's recent revelation about his occasional use of ketamine to manage his depression has sparked various reactions, ranging from supportive sentiments regarding his choice of treatment to allegations suggesting a problem with substance abuse. But what is ketamine used for anyway?

Ketamine, initially introduced as an anesthetic, is a dissociative drug that finds applications in various medical settings. Its unique properties allow patients to remain conscious while experiencing pain relief, making it valuable in surgical procedures and emergency medicine. Additionally, ketamine is utilized in veterinary practice for sedating animals.

Benefits of ketamine

In mental health applications, ketamine is used in treating depression. Esketamine, a variant of ketamine, received approval in 2019 for treating severe and treatment-resistant depression in the United States under the brand name Spravato. The drug is believed to influence brain chemistry, particularly affecting the neurotransmitter glutamate, thereby alleviating symptoms of depression.

Precautionary measures

Despite its potential benefits, there are still some questions about ketamine's mechanism of action in treating depression. Consequently, its prescription for depression treatment is primarily confined to specialized clinics and research centers, with cautious use due to limited knowledge about potential long-term effects.

Outside medical settings, ketamine has a history of recreational use, primarily for its euphoric and dissociative effects. However, recreational doses often exceed those used in clinical settings and pose significant risks, including accidents and adverse interactions with other substances.

Elon Musk's openness about his mental health struggles and treatment experiences, including ketamine use, has the potential to destigmatize discussions around depression and mental health treatment. However, it is crucial for individuals facing similar challenges to seek professional guidance and explore evidence-based treatments under medical supervision.