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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has long been regarded as a predominantly male condition. However, recent trends indicate a significant rise in ADHD diagnosis and treatment among women. This shift sheds light on the gender-based disparities prevalent in mental healthcare, particularly concerning ADHD.

Historically, ADHD diagnosis has favored boys over girls, with boys being twice as likely to receive a diagnosis. This bias stems from societal expectations and the tendency for girls to mask their symptoms, often leading to delayed recognition and treatment.

Impact of delayed diagnosis

A study reveals that girls are diagnosed with ADHD approximately four years later than boys, with an average age of 23 compared to boys diagnosed in their teens. This delay can worsen the negative effects of ADHD on academic, professional and personal spaces, hindering overall well-being.

Prescription disparities

Even after diagnosis, women and girls with ADHD face disparities in medication access. Research indicates that only a quarter of adolescent girls receive prescriptions for ADHD medication, compared to three-quarters of boys. Girls are also less likely to be prescribed methylphenidate, a commonly used ADHD medication, highlighting systemic biases in medication access.

Bridging the gap

The growing recognition of gender disparities in ADHD diagnosis and treatment has prompted efforts to bridge the gap. Increased awareness and advocacy have led to unprecedented rates of ADHD diagnosis among women. Social media platforms have also provided a space for women to share their experiences and find support, creating a sense of understanding and community.

While advances have been made in recognizing gender-based disparities in healthcare, it is crucial to acknowledge the limitations of existing research, particularly in overlooking non-binary and transgender individuals. Addressing these gaps is essential for providing equitable mental healthcare for all gender identities.