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Hugs and other forms of physical touch have long been recognized for their potential to positively impact both physical and mental health, and a recent meta-analysis of 212 studies sheds further light on their therapeutic benefits.

Led by neuroscientists from Ruhr University Bochum and the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, the review encompassed a total of 12,966 participants, offering valuable insights into the optimal use of touch as a health intervention.

Dr. Julian Packheiser, one of the lead researchers from Ruhr University Bochum, shared the significance of this study in providing clarity on the efficacy of touch as a health intervention.

"We were aware of the importance of touch as a health intervention, but despite many studies, it remained unclear how to use it optimally, what effects can be expected specifically, and what the influencing factors are," Packheiser said, Science Alert reported.

The analysis revealed that physical touch can effectively alleviate feelings of pain, depression, and anxiety across diverse age groups, ranging from children to adults.

Contrary to previous assumptions, the type of touch --whether it be hugs, massages, or other forms -- was found to have minimal impact on its therapeutic effects.

However, touches directed at the head or face demonstrated the most significant benefits. Additionally, the study suggests that shorter, more frequent touches elicit more positive responses from individuals.

Notably, the research highlights the distinction between touches from inanimate objects and those from humans or animals.

While objects like weighted blankets may offer physical relief, they lack the same positive impact on mental health observed with human or animal touch.

Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of parental touch in promoting the well-being of newborns, while noting that the source of touch becomes less crucial as individuals age.

Dr. Christian Keysers from the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience noted the importance of consensual touch for its therapeutic benefits.

While the study provides valuable insights into optimizing the efficacy of touch interventions, individual responses to touch may vary, and consent remains paramount, according to Keysers.

Ultimately, the research reinforces the profound impact of physical contact on overall health and well-being, reaffirming the innate human need for connection and touch.

As the study suggests, embracing moments of physical closeness with consent can offer numerous health benefits, underscoring the significance of touch in enhancing our quality of life.

"If you feel like hugging family or friends - don't hold back, as long as the other person gives their consent," Packheiser said.

The findings are published in Nature Human Behaviour.