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From being a teenager to being a young adult, the brain undergoes a lot of changes. This means adolescents might be more likely to try risky stuff and follow what others are doing. Because their brains are still developing, they might get hooked on things like drugs or alcohol more easily. 

At the same time, the stress of school or figuring out who they are can make it tougher. But, even though it's hard, getting better is possible with the right help and support. Understanding why this happens can help them get better and have a good life.

Substance Use Disorder or SUD does not only trigger physical symptoms like cravings or sleep disturbances; it also directly affects brain function. In particular, it damages the prefrontal cortex, impeding its full maturation. Addiction initiated during adolescence can significantly hinder the proper development of this brain region, impacting decision-making abilities and emotional regulation.

An underdeveloped prefrontal cortex

The prefrontal cortex, responsible for decision-making, impulse control and weighing consequences, is still in its formative stages during adolescence. This crucial part of the brain continues to develop until the mid-20s. Due to this ongoing development, young adults might engage in risky behaviors as their brains lean toward seeking novel experiences. This inclination can make them more susceptible to addictive behaviors.

Social interactions and peer pressure

During adolescence, the focus shifts from primary caregivers to peers, leading to increased social interactions outside the family circle. These interactions play a pivotal role in shaping behaviors and choices. Peer pressure and the desire to fit in might push young adults toward experimenting with substances, further influencing the development of addictive patterns.

Vulnerability to external influences

Young adults often face a range of stressors like academic pressures, societal expectations and identity formation challenges. These stressors, coupled with the ongoing brain development and susceptibility to peer influence, heighten the risk of seeking solace or escape through addictive substances.