Search Here

Shared psychotic disorder, also known as folie à deux, is a rare psychiatric condition where two or more individuals share delusional beliefs. This phenomenon falls under the broader category of psychotic disorders and presents unique challenges for both diagnosis and treatment. 

Common symptoms of shared psychotic disorder include shared delusional beliefs, impaired reality testing, and the potential for escalating dangerous behaviors based on shared delusions. Individuals involved may exhibit heightened anxiety, paranoia, or even hallucinations, leading to social and occupational dysfunction.

Subtypes of folie à deux

The shared psychotic disorder has several subtypes, the first being folie imposée or imposed madness. In this subtype, one dominant individual imposes their delusional beliefs onto a more passive or submissive person. 

The second subtype, folie simultanée or simultaneous madness, is manifested by the simultaneous onset of delusional beliefs in both individuals independently. There is no clear influencer or dominant person in this subtype, and the shared delusions develop spontaneously between the affected individuals.

Folie communiquée or communicated madness is the third subtype where shared delusions are transferred from one person to another, often within close relationships. 

The fourth subtype is "folie induite" or induced madness. In this subtype, a person without a pre-existing psychotic disorder develops shared delusions as a result of close association with someone who has an established psychotic condition.

Treatment and management

The treatment and management of shared psychotic disorder involve a combined approach of multiple techniques. Antipsychotic medications help alleviate shared delusions and stabilize mood. Additionally, psychoeducation is essential for providing insights into the dynamics of shared psychosis. 

The use of family therapy helps create a supportive environment, aiding in recovery. Close collaboration between mental health professionals and individuals involved is also crucial for successful management. The goal is to address the underlying psychosis, enhance understanding, and establish a therapeutic alliance to promote long-term well-being.