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Diagnosing dementia can be a complex process, presenting various challenges for healthcare professionals. This is why experts are continuously looking for ways to improve this.

Interestingly, researchers have presented a smartphone application that could revolutionize the early detection of frontotemporal dementia, a leading cause of early-onset dementia. 

The researchers found that cognitive tests conducted via the app were as effective as traditional clinic evaluations in identifying early signs of the condition in high-risk patients. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), affecting skills like planning and impulse control, often goes undiagnosed until later stages, especially in younger patients.

Collaborating with Datacubed Health, scientists developed an app capable of recording speech and conducting cognitive tests, including executive function assessments and motor skill evaluations. 

Testing the app on 360 genetically predisposed adults, including asymptomatic individuals, revealed its accuracy in detecting dementia, potentially surpassing clinic evaluations in sensitivity to early-stage symptoms.

While not yet available to the public, the app could significantly advance frontotemporal dementia research by facilitating clinical trials and monitoring treatment effects.

With over 30 trials underway, including investigations into disease-modifying therapies, the app offers a convenient and sensitive means of tracking patient progress, potentially reducing the burden of frequent in-person assessments on patients, caregivers and clinicians alike.

Current challenges in diagnosing frontotemporal dementia

Diagnosing frontotemporal dementia presents significant challenges for healthcare professionals. Unlike other forms of dementia, FTD primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to changes in behavior, personality and language skills. One major challenge in diagnosis is the overlap of symptoms with other conditions like psychiatric disorders, Alzheimer's disease, or even normal aging processes.

The early stages of FTD can be subtle and easily overlooked. Individuals may exhibit socially inappropriate behavior, lack of empathy, or language difficulties, which can be mistakenly attributed to stress or mood disorders. Another challenge is the lack of specific biomarkers or imaging techniques for FTD.