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While often associated with women, men also struggle with eating disorders. In recent years, awareness has grown about the prevalence of eating disorders among men, highlighting the challenges they face.

Several factors contribute to the development of eating disorders in men. In a review from 2019, researchers found body dissatisfaction, muscle dysmorphia, sociocultural influences, and psychiatric or psychological predispositions as the most common risk factors for men developing eating disorders. 

Anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa manifests through restrictive eating habits and an intense fear of gaining weight. Men with anorexia may obsess over calorie intake, engage in excessive exercise, and exhibit distorted body image perceptions. Despite being underweight, they may still perceive themselves as overweight. Health consequences of anorexia in men can include malnutrition, organ damage and hormonal imbalances.

Bulimia nervosa

Bulimia nervosa involves episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives. Men with bulimia often attempt to conceal their behaviors due to stigma and shame. This disorder can lead to severe electrolyte imbalances, dental issues, gastrointestinal problems and complications related to purging methods.

Binge eating disorder

Binge eating disorder entails recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities of food without purging. Men with this disorder may use food as a coping mechanism for stress or emotional distress. Binge eating can result in obesity, cardiovascular problems and mental health issues like depression and anxiety.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

ARFID is characterized by an avoidance or restriction of certain foods, leading to inadequate nutrient intake and weight loss. It is common in children, but adults also experience ARFID. Men with ARFID may experience sensory sensitivities or fear of choking or vomiting. This disorder can impair physical growth, development, and overall health.