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The debate over whether psychotherapy is better than drugs for treating depression is ongoing.

Drugs as Depression Treatment

Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are commonly prescribed for depression. These medications can provide relief by boosting confidence and offering hope. Some patients view these drugs as a necessary stepping-stone toward recovery. However, others experience significant side effects such as nausea, headaches, and fatigue. More severe side effects can include sexual dysfunction, insomnia, and even suicidal thoughts. Renowned psychiatrist David Healy has argued that such side effects can drastically lower the quality of life for patients. Patients must be fully informed about these potential risks and closely monitored for any behavioral changes.

Challenges with Long-Term Medication Use

Though antidepressants are recommended for short-term use, many patients remain on these medications for extended periods. Withdrawal from these drugs can lead to symptoms like dizziness, flu-like sensations, and sleep disturbances, which can be misinterpreted as a return of depression. This often results in patients being put back on medication, creating a cycle of dependence. Consultant psychiatrist Stephen Stahl notes that these drugs affect various neurotransmitters, leading to inevitable side effects. Critics like Joanna Moncrieff argue that the rising prescriptions of antidepressants are more about controlling behavior and promoting pharmacological treatments rather than genuinely addressing the root causes of depression.

The Benefits of Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy offers an alternative approach by addressing psychological issues through listening and talking. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends psychotherapy for treating depression and anxiety symptoms. This method emphasizes the patient's role in their own recovery, fostering a sense of control and agency. Through psychotherapy, patients can distinguish between the symptoms of their illness and the side effects of medication. This collaborative approach can lead to a deeper understanding of their condition and contribute to long-lasting healing.

A Need for Balanced Treatment Approaches

Despite its benefits, psychotherapy is not always offered as a first-line treatment. Financial incentives often drive psychiatrists to prescribe medications rather than provide therapy. This trend overlooks the importance of treating the patient as an active participant in their recovery process. While medications can offer immediate relief, psychotherapy encourages patients to rewrite their narrative about their illness, healing, and recovery.