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Liver failure occurs when the liver cannot adequately perform its essential functions, such as producing bile and removing harmful substances from the body.

What Happens During a Liver Failure?

The liver plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. It manufactures blood proteins necessary for clotting, transporting oxygen, and supporting the immune system. The liver also produces bile, which helps digest food, and stores sugar in the form of glycogen. Additionally, it detoxifies the bloodstream by breaking down drugs and alcohol, processes saturated fats, and produces cholesterol. Liver failure, therefore, significantly impairs these vital functions and can become life-threatening, requiring immediate medical attention.

Causes of Liver Failure

Several conditions and diseases can lead to liver failure. Chronic liver failure often results from cirrhosis, which is the scarring of the liver due to prolonged injury from factors such as excessive alcohol consumption or chronic hepatitis infections. Acute liver failure, on the other hand, can occur suddenly due to various reasons:

Viral Infections

Hepatitis B is a common viral infection that can cause acute liver failure.

Drug Overuse

Excessive use of drugs like acetaminophen (Tylenol) and certain antibiotics, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, man-made hormones, and antifungal drugs can harm the liver. Some herbs, such as green tea extract and kava, can also contribute.

Metabolic and Vascular Disorders

Conditions such as Wilson disease and autoimmune hepatitis can lead to liver failure.

Preventive Measures

Preventing liver failure involves several lifestyle changes and precautions:

Vaccination

Getting vaccinated for hepatitis B can significantly reduce the risk of liver failure.

Moderation in Alcohol Consumption

Limiting alcohol intake helps prevent liver damage.

Healthy Weight and Active Lifestyle

Maintaining a healthy weight and staying active can prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a common cause of liver failure.

Medication Safety

Following directions when using medications, especially those containing acetaminophen, can prevent liver damage.

Regular Health Check-ups

Annual physical examinations with screenings for obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes are crucial in the early detection and prevention of liver-related issues.