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Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches, primarily on the elbows, knees, trunk, and scalp.

What is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a long-lasting disease that affects the skin, causing it to develop thick, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales. It is not a contagious condition, meaning it cannot be transmitted from one person to another. 

The exact cause of psoriasis remains unknown, but it is believed to involve an interplay between the immune system and genetics. Researchers, including those at institutions like the National Psoriasis Foundation, have found that even people with no family history of the disease can develop psoriasis. 

This suggests a complex genetic component. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, accelerating their growth and leading to the symptoms seen in psoriasis.

Psoriasis Triggers

Triggers for psoriasis can vary widely among people. Here are some common factors known to provoke or exacerbate psoriasis symptoms:

Stress

Stress is a significant trigger for many people with psoriasis. The relationship between stress and psoriasis can create a vicious cycle, where stress worsens psoriasis, and the visible symptoms of psoriasis lead to further stress. Techniques such as meditation, exercise, and counseling can help manage stress and potentially reduce flare-ups.

Injury to Skin

Known as the Koebner phenomenon, psoriasis can develop in areas of the skin that have been injured. Common injuries include cuts, scrapes, sunburns, and bug bites. This phenomenon highlights the importance of protecting the skin from harm to prevent new psoriasis patches from forming.

Illness

Infections, particularly those affecting the immune system, can trigger psoriasis. For instance, streptococcus infections (strep throat) are strongly associated with guttate psoriasis, especially in children. Other illnesses like bronchitis, ear infections, and respiratory infections can also lead to psoriasis flare-ups.

Weather

Weather changes, especially to colder, drier conditions, can worsen psoriasis. Cold weather often reduces humidity and increases indoor heating, both of which dry out the skin and may trigger flares. Conversely, warmer weather with natural sunlight can improve symptoms due to the beneficial effects of ultraviolet light.

Other Possible Triggers

Some people with psoriasis report flare-ups triggered by allergies, specific foods, alcohol, and environmental factors. While these triggers are less common, they can be significant for some people. Keeping a detailed diary of symptoms and potential triggers can help identify and manage these unique factors.